Halal and Muslim-Minority Countries: A Systematic Literature Review
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Abstract
Muslim-minority countries have emerged among the largest exporters of halal
products for the Muslim market and received significant numbers of inbound Muslim
travellers. The global nature of the halal industry value chain calls for a thorough
understanding about halal, particularly in the context of Muslim-minority countries.
To gain this understanding, a systematic literature review was conducted to explore the
themes of halal research in Muslim-minority countries. A total of 22 empirical research
articles were analysed based on a review protocol adapted from ROSES. The articles were
sourced from the Scopus and Web of Science, with Google Scholar as a supplementary
database. The study generated five main themes that synthesise the scholarly knowledge
about halal in the context of Muslim-minority countries at the consumer, organization,
and institution levels of analysis. The findings illustrate the lack of understanding about
halal among the industry players and consumers, as well as the lack of central governance
and policymaking within the halal industry in Muslim-minority countries. Based on the
findings, the study provides future direction for research and practice.
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