丁云小说集《迷途的黑鲸》中 “异乡人”的叙事与空间流动

Narratives of the “Stranger” and Spatial Mobility in Ding Yun’s Short Story Anthology The Lost Black Whale

Abstract

摘要
本文以丁云《迷途的黑鲸》小说集为研究对象，从空间叙事的角度探讨作品 中异乡经验的形塑方式。通过对小说中不同空间形态的分析可以发现，丁云并非 单纯书写离散与乡愁，而是通过多层次的空间建构呈现一种持续失衡的生存经验： 在地志空间层面，狭窄拥挤的居所与被排斥的城市空间，使异乡人难以获得安身 之地；在时空体层面，新柔长堤作为跨境流动空间，既象征通达的可能，也不断 强化现实中的边界与限制，使人物被困于无法完成的迁移之中；在文本层面，碎 片化结构与多重视角叙事进一步瓦解了稳定的空间感知，使异乡呈现为一种破碎 而不稳定的世界经验。《迷途的黑鲸》所书写的异乡，并不是一个可以抵达并安顿 主体的空间，而是一种在居所压缩、跨境流动与破碎感知之中形成的存在状态。 在马华文学的离散叙事传统之外，丁云的异乡叙事呈现出当代跨境社会中更具流 动性与不稳定性的主体经验。

Abstract
The creative trajectory of Malaysian Chinese literature is deeply interwoven with the experience of diaspora. From the “homeland dreams” of early migrant writers to the postwar localization of “native place” or topophilic writing, a dominant mode has emerged in which nostalgia constructs “place attachment” as a means of stabilising identity. However, Ding Yun’s literary production represents a different trajectory: writing from a position of prolonged residence in Singapore after migrating from Malaysia, she persistently articulates the condition of the “stranger” within a state of continual displacement. This study argues that Ding Yun’s fiction, through its distinctive spatial narratives, provides a crucial textual site for understanding the suspension and negotiation of diasporic identity under conditions of ongoing mobility. Drawing on Yuri Lotman’s model of narrative space as a foundational analytical tool, it systematically examines the construction of topos, chronotope, and textual space in her fiction, while also incorporating Gaston Bachelard’s poetics of phenomenology to capture emotional memory and psychological imagery embedded in mobile experience. Through this framework, the study seeks to elucidate how, in The Lost Black Whale, Ding Yun transforms physical spatial mobility into a metaphor of spiritual wandering, thereby representing the diasporic Chinese community’s dilemmas of belonging, identity resilience, and cultural (re)production.